Al-Muṭaffifīn 83:36
Exegesis
Thuwwiba is in passive voice from thawb, which originally means returning; thawāb is used to describe the reward in general because a reward is a return based on actions.1
Exposition
Finally, both the believers and the disbelievers will face the outcomes of their actions. As a result, the believers will attain a high status in paradise, sitting on raised and decorated couches, observing divine justice being carried out.2
Insights from Ḥadīth
It is narrated that Imam al-Bāqir (a) said: ‘God revealed in the context of measurement waylun lil-muṭaffifīn [verse 1], and He never used wayl for anyone until He named him kāfir, as God says: So woe to the faithless at the scene of a tremendous day [19:37].’3
Note: There are different kinds of kufr (disbelief) as explained in a long and detailed narration attributed to Imam al-Ṣādiq (a): It is narrated that al-Zubayrī said: ‘I asked Imam al-Ṣādiq (a): “Tell me about the various kinds of disbelief (kufr) mentioned in the book of God, the all-mighty and great.” The lmam said: “Disbelief, according to the book of God, is of five types. There is the disbelief of denial, which is of two kinds: the disbelief by neglecting what God has ordered, the disbelief of disavowal, and ingratitude …”’4